Tablets and Computers clipart






ICT (information and communications technology is an umbrella term that includes any communication device or application, encompassing: radio, television, cellular phones, computer and network hardware and software, satellite systems and so on, as well as the various services and applications associated with them, such as videoconferencing and distance learning. ICTs are often spoken of in a particular context, such as ICTs in education, health care, or libraries. The term is somewhat more common outside of the United States.

Information:

Information is generally referred to data which can be recorded, organized and interpreted within a context in order to convey meaning, For example “NADRA” (National Database & Registration Authority) is an organization which collects data from people. This data is basically organized or compiled with the help of computers for generating computerized National Identity Cards.

Communication:

Communication is basically the transfer of ideas and messages among people through different system, devices or media such as computer, internet, cell phone, telephone, television or radio etc..: A figure named as “Communication Model” (Figure 1) shows the above basic concept in a clear way:

Cell Phone 

Television

Computer

Radio

“Communication Model”

Technology:

Technology is generally defined as making, modification, adaptation and usage of tools, techniques, systems or machines for the purpose of solving problems or achieving goals in less time period. After having a brief concept of all these terms individually, ICT can be easily defined as “Any system, product or machine which can receive, store or transmit data/information electronically in digital form”. Personal computers, digital television or internet can be considered the best examples of ICT. It basically revolve around those systems or devices which can easily record and interpret information electronically within a context in order to covey meaning. Its basic purpose is to transfer ideas and messages among people for solving their problems in short time period.

After defining the term Information and Communication Technology, it will be good to briefly describe basic concept of ІСТ.

 Explanation:

According to the European Commission, the importance of ICTs lies · less in the technology itself than in its ability to create greater access to information and communication in underserved populations. Many countries around the world have established organizations for the promotion of ICTs, because it is feared that unless less technologically advanced areas have a chance to catch up, the increasing technological advances in developed nations will only serve to exacerbate the already-existing economic gap between technological “have” and “have not” areas. Internationally, the United Nations actively promotes ICT810 Development (ICT4D) as a means of bridging the digital divide.

‘ICT application’ is a technical term for a standard computer program. Common ICT applications are Word processors, Desktop Publishing (DTP) software, Spreadsheets, Databases and Presentational software. Teachers can made great use of standard ICT applications in their history lessons. The online lessons in this section allow teachers to encourage the development of key ICT skills through the study of history.

Many schools make use of Microsoft Office with a standard set of applications that can be used by all:

Microsoft Word

Word processor Microsoft Publisher

DTP software Microsoft Excel

Spreadsheet Microsoft Access

Database Microsoft PowerPoint

Presentation Telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of signs, signals, messages, words, writings, images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire, radio, optical or other electromagnetic systems.

Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology. It is transmitted either electrically over physical media, such as cables, or via electromagnetic radiation.

Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing. Since the Latin term communication is considered the social process of information exchange, the term, telecommunications, is often used in its plural form because it involves many different technologies. Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals, such as beacons, smoke signals, semaphore telegraphs, signal flags, and optical heliographs.

example

Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats, lung-blown horns, and loud whistles. 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies, such as telegraph, telephone, and teleprompter, networks, radio, microwave transmission, fiber optics, and communications satellites.

IT and ICT are often used interchangeably by those in the computer industry, but these terms are different in definition IT stands for Information Technology and ICT stands for Information Communication Technology.

These are very closely related; but the terms signify two different areas of study or industry. Most simply put, ICT falls under the IT umbrella and refers to the specific area of IT that has to do with communications.

IT:

IT is used within texts to be concise. IT refers to the entire information domain, which includes the hardware, software, peripherals, and networking An item falls under the IT umbrella when it is used for the purposes of storing, protecting, retrieving, and processing data electronically. This is a vast field with many different subspecialties, including networking, communications, and software engineering.

IT is an important aspect for businesses and the academic community.

ICT:

ICT is the abbreviation for Information Communication Technology. The term is used mostly within the academic arena to refer to the branch of IT related to digital devices that are used to communicate or interact with digital information. ICT also draws in telephony and media broadcasting. This term is used to describe a very specific area of IT and is more specific than the general idea of networking.

Q:01. (B)

The Application of ICT in Education:-

Today we do not need to go any further than our own home or even room, to see some form of ICT in our lives. Whether it be a computer, plasma TV, or mobile phone, we all have them in some part of our lives. In today’s society, people as consumers of ICT, all strive for the one dream – the dream of a connected life.


  • E-learning or Online Learning: The presence of ICT in education allows for new ways of learning for students and teachers. E-learning or online learning is becoming increasingly popular and with various unprecedented events taking place in our lives, this does not only open opportunities for schools to ensure that students have access to curriculum materials whilst in the classroom but also allows them to ensure students outside the classroom such as at home or even in hospitals can learn.
  • ICT brings inclusion: The benefits of ICT in education is of such that students in the classroom can all learn from the curriculum material. Students with special needs are no longer at a disadvantage as they have access to essential material and special ICT tools can be used by students to make use of ICT for their own educational needs. Despite this, it opens up new issues related to the 'digital divide' and providing access to ICT tools and resources for those who are less fortunate.
  • ICT promotes higher-order thinking skills: One of the key skills for the 21st century which includes evaluating, planning, monitoring, and reflecting to name a few. The effective use of ICT in education demands skills such as explaining and justifying the use of ICT in producing solutions to problems. Students need to discuss, test, and conjecture the various strategies that they will use.
  • ICT enhances subject learning: It is well known these days that the use of ICT in education adds a lot of value to key learning areas like literacy and numeracy. 
  • ICT use develops ICT literacy and ICT Capability: Both are 21st-century skills that are best developed whilst ICT remains transparent in the background of subject learning. The best way to develop ICT capability is to provide them with meaningful activities, embedded in purposeful subject-related contexts.
  • ICT use encourages collaboration: You just have to put a laptop, iPad or computer in the classroom to understand how this works. ICT naturally brings children together where they can talk and discuss what they are doing for their work and this in turn, opens up avenues for communication thus leading to language development.
  • ICT use motivates learning: Society's demands for new technology has not left out children and their needs. Children are fascinated with technology and it encourages and motivates them to learn in the classroom. 
  • ICT in education improves engagement and knowledge retention: When ICT is integrated into lessons, students become more engaged in their work. This is because technology provides different opportunities to make it more fun and enjoyable in terms of teaching the same things in different ways. As a consequence of this increased engagement, it is said that they will be able to retain knowledge more effectively and efficiently.
  • ICT use allows for effective Differentiation Instruction with technology: We all learn differently at different rates and styles and technology provide opportunities for this to occur.
  • ICT integration is a key part of the national curriculum: The integration of digital technologies or ICT is a significant part of the Australian Curriculum for example, and this is a trend that many global governments are taking up as they begin to see the significance of ICT in education.

    • #The use of ICT in Sports:

    Information and communications technology (ICT) describe the variety 

    of technological tools and resources used to produce, distribute, store and 

    manage information and knowledge (Majoka, Fazal, & Khan, 2013). In the 

    modern era, these tools have brought revolutions to training and teaching 

    methodologies of sports and physical education. Rapid development in ICT 

    have introduced innovation and increases the effectiveness of training

    program. Using these advanced ICT tools, performance level continues to 

    grow and expected level of performance increases to all time high (Harward, 

    2016). ICT improves accessibility and expand digital environment to the field 

    of sports 

    The easily available technological devices make it easier for the trainer and 

    coaches to design and planning innovative and effective training programs on 

    the other hand it also helps the physical educators to prepare effective and 

    easily understandable teaching lessons. The Rapid development in use of 

    technology in sports have set the level of performance at height. Using these 

    advanced technologies and innovative trainings, performance level continues 

    to grow exponentially in the field of sports and physical education. 

    Fig 1: ICT tools in sports



    (Retrieved from)

    ICT fields of Media Education:-

    Now day’s coaches and trainers have many available technical options to 

    use as ICT tools. The majority of these tools can be easily accessed or 

    integrated to training program. Here we will discuss about usages of some of 

    the popular ICT tools in modern day Media,  training and physical education.


    Fig 3: Wearable sensor-based device

    (Retrieved from

    https://www.wearable-technologies.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Elderly-fall-

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    Use of video camera is the best method to record performance of the 

    players on the field. The recorded video can be broadcasted live or uploaded 

    later on. The same video can also be used for match and performance analysis. 

    Recent advanced technology used high-tech video recorder to record any 

    performance and can directly convert them to three-dimensional data using ICT, like the examples of Technology E/g: social media , media marketing, real financial services, radio stations streaming, local e-commerce company,

    ICT IN ENTERTAINMENT:-

    ICT has impacted entertainment and leisure by enhancing the different ways in which we casually spend our time. With the use of these technologies, they ways in which we can entertain ourselves has dramatically increased.

    The development of these technologies has meant that many people stay inside, watch TV, play online games etc. Therefore you could say that the amount of leisure activities that people do have decreased, with respect to the wide range of entertainment technologies,

    ICT provides a variety of entertainment and leisure activities that can be accessed easily from the comfort of one's home. One can watch movies and listen to music directly from the Internet. ICT also supports playing games over the Internet during leisure time. Entertainment material can be stored using ICT products like compact discs and memory cards for future use. ICT has improved the quality of entertainment and leisure activities by developing better graphics for music and movies.

    ICT has improved communication during entertainment and leisure by introducing instant and interactive chatting using social sites. There are modern social media platforms powered by ICT that allow people to interact directly during their leisure time without meeting physically. Social media platforms also allow for exchange of entertainment material in visual and audio form.

    Our data indicates that ICT fulfils a very wide range of entertainment functions for children in the case study families. Television, video and DVD players are virtually universal features in the homes of the children in our case studies. All the children had extensive experience of watching television programmes, cartoons and films on screen. They also listen to music, particularly nursery rhymes and other songs aimed specifically at young children. Some children have their own cassette or CD players at home, and have collections of cassettes or DVDs (in addition to access to the collections of other family members). Learning songs and singing along with the presenter is also a feature of children’s television programmes, videos or DVDs. Several families possessed cassette players with microphones,